networking_cheatsheet

Networking

Transport

1. UDP >> UDP is a connectionless protocol

2. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol

DNS Record Types

1. SOA - Start of Authority record points to the primary authority for the domain we're querying

2. NS - Name Servers

• directory for devices and the IP addresses attached to them

• translate domain names into numerical IP addresses

1. A / AAAA - record that maps directly to an IP address

2. CNAME - record that acts as an alias

3. MX - Mail Exchanger - used for e-mail

Network Hardware

Router

• contains internal addresses of each device connected to router

• can join different networks, a feature switches and hubs cannot do

• performs NAT (network address translation)

• NAT allows router a single IP address

• router can direct traffic to the appropriate address

Switch

• contains the MAC (media access control) address of all - connected devices

• flood - send to ALL connected devices ”

• forward - send to a particular device

• filter - drop data entirely

Switch

• no network management ,,,

• signal splitter

• duplicates data and broadcasts it to ALL connected devices