networking_cheatsheet

Networking

Transport

  1. UDP >> UDP is a connectionless protocol

  2. TCP is a connection-oriented protocol

DNS Record Types

  1. SOA - Start of Authority record points to the primary authority for the domain we're querying

  2. NS - Name Servers

  • directory for devices and the IP addresses attached to them

  • translate domain names into numerical IP addresses

  1. A / AAAA - record that maps directly to an IP address

  2. CNAME - record that acts as an alias

  3. MX - Mail Exchanger - used for e-mail

Network Hardware

Router

  • contains internal addresses of each device connected to router

  • can join different networks, a feature switches and hubs cannot do

  • performs NAT (network address translation)

  • NAT allows router a single IP address

  • router can direct traffic to the appropriate address

Switch

  • contains the MAC (media access control) address of all - connected devices

  • flood - send to ALL connected devices ”

  • forward - send to a particular device

  • filter - drop data entirely

Switch

  • no network management ,,,

  • signal splitter

  • duplicates data and broadcasts it to ALL connected devices

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