webpack-dev-middleware

webpack-dev-middleware

An express-style development middleware for use with webpack bundles and allows for serving of the files emitted from webpack. This should be used for development only.

Some of the benefits of using this middleware include:

• No files are written to disk, rather it handles files in memory

• If files changed in watch mode, the middleware delays requests until compiling has completed.

• Supports hot module reload (HMR).

Requirements

This module requires a minimum of Node v6.9.0 and Webpack v4.0.0, and must be used with a server that accepts express-style middleware.

Getting Started

First thing's first, install the module:

npm install webpack-dev-middleware --save-dev

Note: We do not recommend installing this module globally.

Usage

const webpack = require('webpack');
const middleware = require('webpack-dev-middleware');
const compiler = webpack({
  // webpack options
});
const express = require('express');
const app = express();

app.use(
  middleware(compiler, {
    // webpack-dev-middleware options
  })
);

app.listen(3000, () => console.log('Example app listening on port 3000!'));

Options

The middleware accepts an options Object. The following is a property reference for the Object.

Note: The publicPath property is required, whereas all other options are optional

methods

Type: Array Default: [ 'GET', 'HEAD' ]

This property allows a user to pass the list of HTTP request methods accepted by the server.

headers

Type: Object Default: undefined

This property allows a user to pass custom HTTP headers on each request. eg. { "X-Custom-Header": "yes" }

index

Type: String Default: undefined

"index.html", // The index path for web server, defaults to "index.html". // If falsy (but not undefined), the server will not respond to requests to the root URL.

lazy

Type: Boolean Default: undefined

This option instructs the module to operate in 'lazy' mode, meaning that it won't recompile when files change, but rather on each request.

logger

Type: Object Default: webpack-log

In the rare event that a user would like to provide a custom logging interface, this property allows the user to assign one. The module leverages webpack-log for creating the loglevelnext logging management by default. Any custom logger must adhere to the same exports for compatibility. Specifically, all custom loggers must have the following exported methods at a minimum:

• log.trace

• log.debug

• log.info

• log.warn

• log.error

Please see the documentation for loglevel for more information.

logLevel

Type: String Default: 'info'

This property defines the level of messages that the module will log. Valid levels include:

• trace

• debug

• info

• warn

• error

• silent

Setting a log level means that all other levels below it will be visible in the console. Setting logLevel: 'silent' will hide all console output. The module leverages webpack-log for logging management, and more information can be found on its page.

logTime

Type: Boolean Default: false

If true the log output of the module will be prefixed by a timestamp in the HH:mm:ss format.

mimeTypes

Type: Object Default: null

This property allows a user to register custom mime types or extension mappings. eg. mimeTypes: { 'text/html': [ 'phtml' ] }.

By default node-mime will throw an error if you try to map a type to an extension that is already assigned to another type. Passing force: true will suppress this behavior (overriding any previous mapping). eg. mimeTypes: { typeMap: { 'text/html': [ 'phtml' ] } }, force: true }.

Please see the documentation for node-mime for more information.

publicPath

Type: String Required

The public path that the middleware is bound to. Best Practice: use the same publicPath defined in your webpack config. For more information about publicPath, please see the webpack documentation.

reporter

Type: Object Default: undefined

Allows users to provide a custom reporter to handle logging within the module. Please see the default reporter for an example.

serverSideRender

Type: Boolean Default: undefined

Instructs the module to enable or disable the server-side rendering mode. Please see Server-Side Rendering for more information.

stats

Type: Object Default: { context: process.cwd() }

Options for formatting statistics displayed during and after compile. For more information and property details, please see the webpack documentation.

watchOptions

Type: Object Default: { aggregateTimeout: 200 }

The module accepts an Object containing options for file watching, which is passed directly to the compiler provided. For more information on watch options please see the webpack documentation

writeToDisk

Type: Boolean|Function Default: false

If true, the option will instruct the module to write files to the configured location on disk as specified in your webpack config file. Setting writeToDisk: true won't change the behavior of the webpack-dev-middleware, and bundle files accessed through the browser will still be served from memory. This option provides the same capabilities as the WriteFilePlugin.

This option also accepts a Function value, which can be used to filter which files are written to disk. The function follows the same premise as Array#filter in which a return value of false will not write the file, and a return value of true will write the file to disk. eg.

{
  writeToDisk: (filePath) => {
    return /superman\.css$/.test(filePath);
  };
}

fs

Type: Object Default: MemoryFileSystem

Set the default file system which will be used by webpack as primary destination of generated files. Default is set to webpack's default file system: memory-fs. This option isn't affected by the writeToDisk option.

Note: As of 3.5.x version of the middleware you have to provide .join() method to the fs instance manually. This can be done simply by using path.join:

fs.join = path.join; // no need to bind

API

webpack-dev-middleware also provides convenience methods that can be use to interact with the middleware at runtime:

close(callback)

Instructs a webpack-dev-middleware instance to stop watching for file changes.

Parameters

callback

Type: Function

A function executed once the middleware has stopped watching.

invalidate()

Instructs a webpack-dev-middleware instance to recompile the bundle. e.g. after a change to the configuration.

const webpack = require('webpack');
const compiler = webpack({ ... });
const middleware = require('webpack-dev-middleware');
const instance = middleware(compiler);

app.use(instance);

setTimeout(() => {
  // After a short delay the configuration is changed and a banner plugin is added
  // to the config
  compiler.apply(new webpack.BannerPlugin('A new banner'));

  // Recompile the bundle with the banner plugin:
  instance.invalidate();
}, 1000);

waitUntilValid(callback)

Executes a callback function when the compiler bundle is valid, typically after compilation.

Parameters

callback

Type: Function

A function executed when the bundle becomes valid. If the bundle is valid at the time of calling, the callback is executed immediately.

const webpack = require('webpack');
const compiler = webpack({ ... });
const middleware = require('webpack-dev-middleware');
const instance = middleware(compiler);

app.use(instance);

instance.waitUntilValid(() => {
  console.log('Package is in a valid state');
});

Known Issues

Multiple Successive Builds

Watching (by means of lazy: false) will frequently cause multiple compilations as the bundle changes during compilation. This is due in part to cross-platform differences in file watchers, so that webpack doesn't loose file changes when watched files change rapidly. If you run into this situation, please make use of the TimeFixPlugin.

Server-Side Rendering

Note: this feature is experimental and may be removed or changed completely in the future.

In order to develop an app using server-side rendering, we need access to the stats, which is generated with each build.

With server-side rendering enabled, webpack-dev-middleware sets the stat to res.locals.webpackStats and the memory filesystem to res.locals.fs before invoking the next middleware, allowing a developer to render the page body and manage the response to clients.

Note: Requests for bundle files will still be handled by webpack-dev-middleware and all requests will be pending until the build process is finished with server-side rendering enabled.

Example Implementation:

const webpack = require('webpack');
const compiler = webpack({
  // webpack options
});
const isObject = require('is-object');
const middleware = require('webpack-dev-middleware');

// This function makes server rendering of asset references consistent with different webpack chunk/entry configurations
function normalizeAssets(assets) {
  if (isObject(assets)) {
    return Object.values(assets);
  }

  return Array.isArray(assets) ? assets : [assets];
}

app.use(middleware(compiler, { serverSideRender: true }));

// The following middleware would not be invoked until the latest build is finished.
app.use((req, res) => {
  const assetsByChunkName = res.locals.webpackStats.toJson().assetsByChunkName;
  const fs = res.locals.fs;
  const outputPath = res.locals.webpackStats.toJson().outputPath;

  // then use `assetsByChunkName` for server-sider rendering
  // For example, if you have only one main chunk:
  res.send(`
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My App</title>
    <style>
    ${normalizeAssets(assetsByChunkName.main)
      .filter((path) => path.endsWith('.css'))
      .map((path) => fs.readFileSync(outputPath + '/' + path))
      .join('\n')}
    </style>
  </head>
  <body>
    <div id="root"></div>
    ${normalizeAssets(assetsByChunkName.main)
      .filter((path) => path.endsWith('.js'))
      .map((path) => `<script src="${path}"></script>`)
      .join('\n')}
  </body>
</html>
  `);
});

Support

We do our best to keep Issues in the repository focused on bugs, features, and needed modifications to the code for the module. Because of that, we ask users with general support, "how-to", or "why isn't this working" questions to try one of the other support channels that are available.

Your first-stop-shop for support for webpack-dev-server should by the excellent documentation for the module. If you see an opportunity for improvement of those docs, please head over to the webpack.js.org repo and open a pull request.

From there, we encourage users to visit the webpack Gitter chat and talk to the fine folks there. If your quest for answers comes up dry in chat, head over to StackOverflow and do a quick search or open a new question. Remember; It's always much easier to answer questions that include your webpack.config.js and relevant files!

If you're twitter-savvy you can tweet #webpack with your question and someone should be able to reach out and lend a hand.

If you have discovered a 🐛, have a feature suggestion, or would like to see a modification, please feel free to create an issue on Github. Note: The issue template isn't optional, so please be sure not to remove it, and please fill it out completely.

Contributing

Please take a moment to read our contributing guidelines if you haven't yet done so.

CONTRIBUTING

License

MIT